Cats are susceptible to a variety of infectious diseases that can range from mild to life-threatening. Some of these illnesses spread easily between cats, while others may pose risks only in certain environments. As a cat owner, knowing which diseases are preventable through vaccination is key to keeping your feline healthy and happy.
Feline Herpesvirus (FHV-1) and Calicivirus
These two viruses are among the most common causes of upper respiratory infections in cats. Feline herpesvirus often leads to sneezing, watery eyes, and nasal discharge. Calicivirus can cause similar symptoms but may also result in mouth ulcers and joint pain. Vaccinations can significantly reduce the severity of these infections and lower the risk of transmission to other cats.
Feline Panleukopenia
Also known as feline distemper, panleukopenia is a highly contagious and potentially fatal viral disease. It attacks rapidly dividing cells in the body, affecting the intestines, bone marrow, and immune system. Symptoms include vomiting, diarrhea, lethargy, and loss of appetite. Vaccination is the most effective way to prevent this disease, and early vaccination in kittens is critical.
Feline Leukemia Virus (FeLV)
Feline leukemia virus suppresses the immune system and increases the risk of cancers and infections. Cats can contract FeLV through close contact with infected cats, such as grooming or sharing food bowls. Vaccination is recommended for cats at risk, particularly those who spend time outdoors or live with other cats whose FeLV status is unknown.
Rabies
Rabies is a deadly virus that affects the nervous system and is transmissible to humans. Vaccination is not only essential for protecting your cat but also required by law in many areas. The rabies vaccine is highly effective and a critical part of responsible pet ownership.
Feline Immunodeficiency Virus (FIV)
FIV is a viral infection that weakens a cat’s immune system over time. Unlike some other viruses, there is no cure for FIV, making prevention crucial. While vaccination options exist in some cases, it is important to discuss with your veterinarian whether your cat is at risk and if vaccination is appropriate.
Core and Non-Core Vaccines
Core vaccines are recommended for all cats regardless of lifestyle and include vaccines for panleukopenia, herpesvirus, calicivirus, and rabies. Non-core vaccines, like FeLV and FIV, are given based on a cat’s individual risk factors such as outdoor access or exposure to other cats. Your veterinarian will help determine the right vaccination schedule tailored to your cat’s needs.
The Importance of Regular Vet Checkups
Even with vaccinations, routine veterinary visits are essential to monitor your cat’s overall health and detect any early signs of disease. Regular wellness exams, combined with a proper vaccination schedule, provide the best defense against feline infectious diseases.
Protect Your Cat Today
Vaccinations are a powerful tool to prevent serious illness and ensure a long, healthy life for your cat. If you are unsure about your cat’s vaccination status or need guidance on which vaccines are right for your feline, call Alta Vista Animal Hospital at 604-221-5858 to schedule a consultation.